LAB EXERCISE TWO

 Briefly describe the functions of epithelial tissues.

Define the following terms:  apical surface (free surface), basal surface, basement membrane, basal lamina, reticular lamina, avascular, regeneration, and lumen.

Distinguish between simple, stratified, transitional and pseudostratified epithelia and discuss where each may be found and their generalized structures.

As you examine the different tissue slides you may see other types tissues also.

ENDOCRINE VS EXOCRINE GLANDS

Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.

Obtain a slide of the pancreas and examine it under 10x and 40x power and draw what you see below.  Figure 16.17 on page 620 and Figure 23.26 on page 885.

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of one of the following tissues: lung a, kidney or aorta. 

Examine it under 10x and 40x power and draw what you see below.  Figure 4.3a on page 117 and Figure 19.1 on page 696.

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane, and lumen.

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of the kidney and examine it under 10x and 40x.  Draw what you see below.

Figure 4.3b on page 118

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane and lumen.

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of simple columnar tissue and examine it under 10x and 40x.  Draw what you see below.  Figure 4.3c on page 118

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane and lumen.

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of pseudostratified columnar epithelium or a slide of the trachea and examine it under 10x and 40x. Figure 4.3 d on page 119.

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane, lumen and cilia.

KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQAMOUS EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of stratified squamous epithelium or a slide of thick or thin skin and examine it under 10x and 40x. Figure 4.3 d on page 119. Draw what you see below.

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane, and free space.

NONKERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of the esophagus and examine it under 10x and 40x. Figure 4.3 e on page 119.

Draw what you see below.

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane and lumen.

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

Obtain a slide of the bladder, ureter, or urethra and examine it under 10x and 40x. Figure 4.3 f on page 119.  Draw what you see below.

Label the following structures:  nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane, basement membrane and lumen.

DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Obtain a slide of thick or thin skin and examine it under 10x and 40x. Figure 4.3 d on page 119. Draw what you see below.

Dense irregular connective tissue is the tissue that generally underlies epithelial tissues.  It also forms the fibrous capsules around organs and joints.

THE EPIDERMIS

Obtain slides of thick and thin skin and examine them under 10x and 40x power.  Draw what you see below.  Figures 5.2a and b.

Label the following structures, if present:  free space, basement membrane, stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale, dermis, papillary region of the dermis, reticular layer of the dermis and hypodermis (not a part of the skin)